Plain-language methodology · What every number on this site actually reads

Measuring what follows from Gospel fruit.

We cannot measure regeneration. But regeneration produces fruit, and fruit leaves marks on communities that we can observe and track. This page states what each number on the platform reads, in the order you would meet them.

“A tool for mission, not a substitute for it. We count because counting is an act of attention, and attention is an act of love.”
5Shalom domains
83,332Tracts with a GIM
2020→24Eras compared
00 · The metric, stated plainly

GIM is a change, not a score.

The Gospel Impact Metric is the movement in a tract’s Shalom composite between two readings: GIM = Shalom (latest era) − Shalom (previous era). For the current U.S. surface that is 2024 minus 2020. Positive means the ground is opening. Negative means it is hardening. Around zero means the place is holding where it was.

Impact happens over time, so the metric that carries the word is a subtraction. A neighborhood that has been hard for forty years and one that became hard last year are not the same field, and no standing score can tell them apart.

New York, Bronx County, NY10.2 in 202027.5 in 2024Washington County, MN77.9 in 202065.4 in 20240255075100← less shalommore shalom →
New York, Bronx County, NY
Need pressure72.5Tier 4
GIM+17.3opening
Washington County, MN
Need pressure34.6Tier 1
GIM−12.5hardening
Two real tracts, both from the shipped index. The Bronx tract carries more than twice the need pressure of the Minnesota one and is the only tract in the country above 70 pressure that is also opening by more than 12 points. The standing score and the direction of travel disagree, which is the whole reason they are separate numbers.
  • Need pressurethe level100 minus the latest Shalom composite. How hard this place is right now. It is what the GDI × need matrix, the MVI × need quadrant, and the explorer’s priority threshold all read.
  • GIMthe changeHow far the composite moved between 2020 and 2024.
  • Gospel Shiftthe changeThe map-layer name for GIM. One measurement, two labels, always the same number for the same tract.

Three names, two numbers. Several other layers are built on something else entirely, and section 06 names each one.

01 · Theological Foundation

Observable fruit is the only kind we can watch.

The central question: where is Gospel fruit becoming visible in our neighborhoods — and where is its absence most urgent?

  1. i

    Jonathan Edwards

    The chief evidence of conversion is habitual practice, not emotional experience.

    Repeated across many lives, practice aggregates into patterns you can see at the scale of a neighborhood.

  2. ii

    Harvie Conn

    Shalom is not only a spiritual category. Its absence is visible.

    Shortened life expectancy, unsafe streets and persistent poverty are diagnostic, not merely social.

  3. iii

    Acts 16

    Lydia’s conversion was invisible. Its ripple was not.

    Her household was baptized and her home opened. That is the shape of what we watch for.

Regeneration is unmeasurable. Gospel fruit is not.

Seed
Gospel truth believed
Person
People transformed
Causal middle
Church life reshaped
Fruit
Durable mercy, witness & presence
What we track
Observable community effects over time

The church layer is the causal middle, and the one link GospelGraph cannot currently observe. What it measures is the far right of the chain, community effects watched over time. The pathway to them stays a theological claim.

Our claim, carefully stated

We do not claim to measure salvation. Where the Gospel takes genuine root over time, we should expect observable changes in the conditions of a neighborhood.

02 · Three Levels of Measurement

Person. Church. Community.

Ministry gets measured at three levels. Each asks a different question. GospelGraph reads one of them, and it is worth being clear which.

LevelCore questionHow it enters the system
Level 01 · not measuredPerson
Is this individual growing in Gospel-shaped practice?
Service, giving, sustained Christian practice. This is what a pastor knows about their own people. No number on this platform reads it.
Level 02 · not measuredChurch
Is this congregation actively teaching, serving, and reaching?
Worship cadence, mercy coverage, outreach, discipleship, crisis response. What a congregation is actually doing. No number on this platform reads that either.
Level 03 · measured hereCommunity
Is this neighborhood becoming more like shalom over time?
Five Shalom domains of public data, scored per era for 83,381 U.S. census tracts. Everything on the platform — need pressure, GIM, Gospel Shift — comes off this one layer.
What that means when you read a report

You are holding one side of a comparison. Community need is on the page; what the church there is actually doing is not, and no layer here supplies it. A neighborhood portrait is worth having on its own terms. It just answers what is this place carrying rather than how are we doing, and only you can put the two together.

03 · The Five Shalom Domains

Five dimensions of shalom.

Every eligible U.S. census tract is scored across five domains, each 0–100 per era, each carrying its own national weight. Higher means greater structural shalom. The weights below were fitted to the data rather than chosen around a table.

  1. Provision & Work
  2. Household & Generations
  3. Life & Health
  4. Social Fabric
  5. Justice & Protection
32.6%
Provision & Work
Economic and labor structure — whether work, income, and material provision hold.
18.8%
Household & Generations
Family and household stability, read across generations.
18.6%
Life & Health
Health access and health outcomes — whether bodies are cared for.
15.9%
Social Fabric
Community cohesion and associational life — whether there is anything to belong to.
14.2%
Justice & Protection
Safety and structural justice — whether people are protected where they live.
Why Provision & Work weighs twice what Justice & Protection does

The ratio has nothing to do with which one matters more. Each weight reflects how much independent signal its domain contributes to the composite, given what can actually be measured at tract scale. Economic indicators are dense and refresh annually; safety and cohesion indicators are sparser and noisier at this resolution. A weight describes how well we can measure a domain, not how much it matters.

04 · How a Tract Gets a Score

Five steps to a composite — and one refusal.

Five steps take raw public indicators to a composite. The fifth is the one most indices skip.

01
Normalize

Each indicator is converted to a consistent scale so different units — percentages, rates, dollar amounts — can be combined fairly.

02
Set direction

Some indicators are good when high, others when low. Direction is flipped so that a higher domain score always means greater shalom.

03
Score the domain

Indicators roll up into one 0–100 score per domain per era. A domain with no scored constructs returns null with a reason, never a zero.

04
Combine

The five domain scores are combined using the national weights in Section 03 to produce one composite per era.

05
Refuse when thin

Tracts below the population or coverage gate get no composite at all. They carry a reason code instead, which travels with them through every surface that reads the file.

The refusal is most of what distinguishes this from an index that always has an answer. The last row below is the real GIM footprint, since a change needs two readings.

  1. Records in the source index95,837
  2. Absent from the v2 export−11,436
  3. Below the population gate−897
  4. Below the coverage gate−123
  5. Carry a 2024 composite83,381
  6. No 2020 reading to compare−49
  7. Carry a GIM83,332
Every null carries the reason it is null all the way out to the API. A tract too thin to score is not a zero, and reporting it as one would put a false floor under whole counties.

A domain score is a rank against the national distribution rather than an absolute quantity, so a 70 means “higher than 70% of the country.” ACS margins of error are real, and a rank near the middle can move several points from one year to the next without anything changing on the ground. Treat small gaps between two tracts as noise.

Important limit

A Shalom composite is not a spiritual grade for a neighborhood. A high score does not mean God is at work there and not elsewhere. It tells you about observable conditions — nothing more, nothing less.

05 · Reading the Movement

A place in line, not a verdict.

Gospel Shift takes every scored neighborhood in the country, sorts them by how far the Shalom composite moved between 2020 and 2024, and cuts that line-up into five groups. The labels sound like judgments — hardening, holding, opening — but they mark position, not condition. “Hardening” means a neighborhood moved worse than most others did. By itself it does not mean the place got worse.

−3.8−0.7+0.8+4.3-20-15-10-505101520national median
  1. Hardening fastGIM ≤ −3.8bottom 30%
  2. Hardening−3.8 to −0.7next 20%
  3. Holding−0.7 to +0.8middle 10%
  4. Opening+0.8 to +4.3next 20%
  5. Opening fastGIM ≥ +4.3top 20%
Every scored tract in the country, by how far its Shalom composite moved between 2020 and 2024. The cuts are positions in the line-up, not thresholds of decline, so the five shares on the right are fixed by the definition rather than measured from the data. They would read 30 / 20 / 10 / 20 / 20 in any year, including a year in which nothing moved at all.
Why this page no longer says “half the country is hardening”

It used to say exactly that, and it was wrong to. It read like something we had found out about America. It was arithmetic. The groups are cut at fixed places in the line-up: the bottom 30%, the next 20%, the middle 10%, and so on. Thirty percent of neighborhoods land in “hardening fast” because that is the name we gave the bottom 30% — not because we counted them there. Had every neighborhood in America held perfectly still for four years, this page would print the same five numbers.

The ranking is still worth having. If your neighborhood sits in the bottom 30%, it moved worse than seven in ten others, and that comparison is real. A tract reading −0.5 is not “slightly bad” — it is doing better than half the country. Read the position. Be careful with the word attached to it.

There is a second reason to hold the words loosely. The whole line-up sits left of zero, and part of that is the survey rather than the country. The 2016–2020 Census release — the base this subtraction measures from — was collected through the first year of the pandemic, and across the part of the model we can carry back to 2013 it sits about two points high. Subtract from an inflated base and everything tilts negative. That is a known weakness of comparing two snapshots, and it is most of the reason the eleven-year view exists.

How firm is the number on your street?

Every Shalom score is built from a survey, and every survey carries error. Subtract one score from another and both errors come with you into the answer. For an ordinary neighborhood the four-year change is known to within about seven points either way, nineteen times in twenty. The entire holding band is one and a half points wide.

−3.8−0.7+0.8+4.3this tract reads −3.2the survey supports anywhere in here−9.9+3.5-20-100+10+20
  1. 77%of neighborhoods have a range wide enough to touch three or more of the five bands.
  2. 67%of neighborhoods have a range that allows either hardening or opening. The survey cannot separate the two.
  3. 72%of neighborhoods have a range that includes no movement at all.
A neighborhood with an ordinary reading, drawn on the same axis as the chart above. The dot is what the map prints. The bar is the range the survey supports, nineteen times in twenty, and its width here is the median across all 83,332 scored tracts. It covers four of the five bands — so a tract like this one is labelled Hardening on evidence that would equally allow Hardening fast or Opening.

About three-fifths of what separates one neighborhood’s reading from another’s is real difference between those two places. The rest is the survey. That is enough to rank with. It is not enough to pronounce with, and that distinction is the whole of the advice on this page.

Which number to use for what

Comparing neighborhoods as they stand today. Gospel Shift. The line-up is fair, and a gap of several points between two tracts is telling you something.

Asking which way a place has been going. The eleven-year view. It is built for that question and carries about half the error of the number above — nearer a third of it when the two are measured across the identical set of constructs, since they are fitted on different shares of the model. Where it cannot establish a direction it says so rather than guessing.

Deciding something that will cost people years. Neither one on its own. Go and stand on the street.

None of this establishes a cause. Conditions are shaped by policy, markets, migration and investment, on timescales that swamp any single congregation. A rising GIM in a tract where your church has worked for a decade is an encouragement, and a good reason to go asking why. It is not evidence that the church produced it, and no layer here will be built to suggest otherwise.

06 · The Other Layers

What else is on the map — and what it is not.

GospelGraph carries more than one measurement, and they are never blended into each other. Each entry below names what it reads, and whether the Shalom composite is underneath it.

L.01

GDI · Gospel Desert Index

Structural Gospel-access gap, 0–100, higher meaning thinner evangelical access. Tiers: Watered, Sparse, Dry, Arid, Desert. Not Shalom-derived.

L.02

Need pressure

100 minus the latest Shalom composite. A standing level. Shalom-derived, and the basis for the GDI × need matrix.

L.03

Gospel Shift · GIM

The 2024 composite minus the 2020 composite. Shalom-derived. The map label and the metric name are the same number.

L.04

MVI · Built form

Whether the physical neighborhood supports repeated contact: third places 45%, intersections 30%, public rooms 25%. Not Shalom-derived.

L.05

Field signals

Named structural patterns flagged per tract. They are descriptive tags for triage. Nothing scores them and no composite reads them.

L.06

Neighborhood Field Guide

Household-weighted composition from a catalog of 30 personalities and 12 context modifiers. It describes who lives on a block. It scores nothing and ranks nothing. See Section 07.

Nothing here measures a church

Every layer above describes a place: what it carries, which way it is moving, how thin Gospel access is, whether the streets support running into people. None of them describes a congregation. If a number on this platform seems to be telling you how your church is doing, it is being read wrong.

07 · Neighborhood Personality

Who actually lives on this block.

The scores tell you what a place is carrying. They do not tell you who is carrying it. That comes from market segmentation: a catalog of 30 neighborhood personalities and 12 context modifiers, matched to a tract by household composition rather than by its average.

A personality describes a household pattern — how people live, what stage they are in, what their week looks like. Multifamily First-Timers and Affluent Owner Family Suburbs can want very different things from a church on the same street. Modifiers sit on top as conditions the personality does not capture on its own, like displacement pressure or household crowding.

Washington County, MN1,619 households
  1. Multifamily First-Timers45.9%
  2. Affluent Owner Family Suburbs35.9%
  3. Affluent New-Build Families18.2%
Personalities living in one tract, nationally
  1. 124.1%
  2. 242.8%
  3. 324.5%
  4. 4 or more8.7%
Three quarters of American census tracts hold more than one personality, which is why the guide reports a mix rather than a label. 1,056 tracts carry too few households to resolve one at all and are told so rather than assigned the nearest guess.
  • Core guidewhoOne of 30 household personalities. A tract usually holds two or three of them at once, weighted by how many households sit in each.
  • Context modifierwhat is pressingOne of 12 conditions layered on top — displacement pressure, crowding, farmworker concentration and the like. Just under half of tracts carry none.
It describes, it does not rank

A personality is not a score, and no tract is prioritized because of the personalities in it. None of them is better or harder or more deserving than another. It answers “who is here” so the numbers in the rest of the report land on actual people rather than on an average.

08 · Honest Limits

What you can — and cannot — reasonably conclude.

The analysis produces real and useful information. It also has real and important limits. Both deserve plain statement.

You can reasonably conclude

What the data supports.

  • Which of the five Shalom domains carries the most pressure in your tract, and how that ordering differs next door.
  • Whether your tract opened, held or hardened between 2020 and 2024, and how that ranks against the country.
  • How your tract compares to others in your city across the same domains and the same era.
  • Where structural Gospel access is thin relative to the weight the place is carrying — the GDI × need pressure read.
  • Whether the built environment supports the kind of repeated, ordinary contact that ministry presence depends on.
  • Which neighborhood personalities are present on a block, and in what proportion of its households.
You cannot reasonably conclude

What the data cannot say.

  • That a rising GIM proves your ministry caused it. Policy, markets, migration and investment move these numbers too.
  • That a hard score means Gospel work is absent or failing. Some of the most faithful incarnational ministry happens in the most distressed tracts.
  • That two tracts with similar composites have similar needs. The domain breakdown matters more than the composite.
  • That a neighborhood personality tells you what a household believes, or how it will respond to a church. It describes how people live, not what they think.
  • That any layer here tells you what the church in this tract is doing. None of them does.
  • That any of this replaces the knowledge that comes from incarnational presence over time. Numbers can tell you a tract has a 38% poverty rate; they cannot tell you about the widow in Building C leading a Bible study for twelve neighbors.
The honest summary

The composite tells you what kind of place this is, and the delta tells you which way it is moving. Neither tells you what the church there is doing, because that is the part we are not currently measuring. Read a portrait as if it were a diagnosis and you will act on a question nobody here has answered.

09 · Framework Definition

What this framework is — and is not.

These guardrails are not disclaimers. They are built into the theological design.

▲ It ISIt is NOT
A map of observable neighborhood conditions
vs.
A measure of salvation or spiritual status
A tool for prioritizing ministry resources
vs.
A proof of Gospel effectiveness or causation
A way to track change in community shalom over time
vs.
A replacement for pastoral discernment
A framework grounded in Edwards and Conn
vs.
A partisan or political index
A signal of where Gospel fruit may or may not be present
vs.
A definitive verdict on any neighborhood or church
Explicit about which measures are proxies
vs.
A claim that every domain reads what its name says
An honest look at structural need and ministry gaps
vs.
A moral judgment against individuals in hard circumstances
10 · Practical Workflow

From questions to pastoral report.

For a pastor or ministry leader, here is the practical workflow from start to finish.

01

Define your questions

Name the decisions you are trying to make before you look at any data. Vague questions produce noise.

  • Where in our city should we prioritize a new ministry site?
  • Which of the five domains is carrying the most weight in our neighborhood?
  • Did this tract open or harden over the last five years — and did the ones around it move the same way?
  • Is structural Gospel access here thin relative to the pressure the place is under?
02

Read the level before the movement

Start with need pressure and the five domain scores: what is this place carrying, and which domain carries most of it? A composite will not tell you what to do on Tuesday. The domain ordering will.

03

Then read the movement

Read GIM as a place in the national line-up rather than as a verdict: the five band shares are fixed by where the cuts fall, so they are not a count of how the country fared. A hard tract that is climbing the line-up and a comfortable one sliding down it call for different responses, and the standing score cannot tell them apart.

04

Check what the layer actually reads

Before you carry a number into a board meeting, check Section 06 for what it reads and whether the Shalom composite is underneath it. Some layers on the map score nothing at all.

05

Interpret with community, then return

Bring the scores to site pastors, deacons and neighbors who know the ground. They can tell you what a tract is carrying; they cannot tell you why. Then set a rhythm: ACS indicators update annually on a rolling five-year average, so read trends over three to five years rather than reacting to one vintage.

11 · Data Sources

Public data. No purchase required.

Everything on this platform is built from three public sources. You can check any of them yourself, and none of them costs anything.

ACS

U.S. Census Bureau — American Community Survey

5-year estimates: poverty, income, unemployment, housing cost burden, vacancy, education, family structure, demographics. A major input to Shalom, and the base the neighborhood personalities are matched on.

OSM

OpenStreetMap

Church locations and the physical fabric of a neighborhood — third places, intersections, public rooms — mapped by volunteers and joined to tract geography.

IRS

IRS 990 Business Master File

NTEE-coded religious nonprofits, deduplicated against the map points. With OpenStreetMap this feeds the Gospel Desert Index and the built-form layer, not Shalom.

Where a measure is unavailable we either substitute a named proxy and say which one, or leave the field null with its reason attached. We never invent a value, estimate one from its neighbors, or carry an older vintage forward to cover a gap in a newer one.

Acts 16:14–15 · Lydia’s Household

A tool for mission, not a substitute for it.

The Hood Shepherd built this framework — and applied it to every Census tract in the United States — because faithful incarnational ministry deserves the same rigor we would bring to any other serious endeavor. We count because counting is an act of attention, and attention is an act of love. But the numbers serve the Word. They serve the pastor who walks the block every morning, the deacon who sits with the family in eviction court, the elder who prays over the neighborhood by name.